Linux Basics

• linux introduction

• linux links

• Running in VirtualBox

• trying out commands

• command types

• basic linux review questions

Linux Files

• file basics

• file permissions

• devices & mount

• hard & soft links

• linux files review questions

Processes …

About the linux directory tree

• Linux has a single directory tree, starting with the root directory
• Othe oerating systems use different methods to refer to the same information.
  Microsoft Windows for example, uses a single tree for each device. It uses letters to refer to thise devices.
  eg: a:\mydir\myfile.txt
  is a …

inodes

• The inode (index node) is a data structure in a Unix-style file system that describes a file-system object such as a file or a directory.
• Each inode stores the attributes and disk block locations of the object's data
• Since each file has a single inode, the inode number can be thought of the "physical …

About Permissions

Here's a long listing of a file I've created with the touch command:

1-rw-rw-r-- 1 osboxes osboxes    0 Jan  7 07:30 myfile

This is the explanation to the first field you see:

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Use this post as a guide, to learn basic file commands.

List Files

• Use ls to just list file:

1ls

• Use long listing (ls -l) to do the same.
• List a specific file (let's say you have a file called "mydata"):

1ls mydata

• Long list that file:

1ls -l mydata

• List a directory that is not the current directory: …

Command Types

• Try the following commands:

1type -a ls
2which ls

• The bash type builtin shell command can show you what is the type of the parameter you give it. The -a parameter asks for ALL available types.
• Linux has several command types(e.g ‘alias’, ‘function’, ‘builtin’, ‘file’, ‘keyword’)
• We'll focus on:
  • file …

Opening a terminal

• Use the start button at the bottom left to show pre-installed applications.
• Then run the Terminal application

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    decoding="async"
    alt="Terminal" …</picture></figure></li></ul>
  

  
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Infrastructure

I use this infrastructure throughout my training material.
I run multiple versions, and cannot "get rid of" my Windows (I don't hate Windows that much :) so using virtualization was a practical solution.

• first, install VirtualBox from this location.
  (I am currently using is 7.0.12 r159484) …

What is Linux

• Linux is an operating system.
  It is the main big program that operates the computer - hence the name.
• Linux is UNIX like operating system.
  The UNIX project (back in the 70s) was meant to create a simpler, but in the same time more powerfull example of an operating systems.
  You can read more about …